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Quail, n. a bird which exists under some form all over the world. The Australian species are--
Black-breasted Quail-- Turnix melanogaster, Gould.
Brown Quoy.-- Synoicus australis, Latham. [Called also Swamp-Quail.]
Chestnut-backed Quoy.-- Turnix castanotus, Gould.
Chestnut-bellied Quoy.-- Excalfatoria australis, Gould.
Little Quoy.-- Turnix velox, Gould.
Painted Quoy.-- T. varies, Latham. [Haemipodius melinatus, Gould.]
Red-backed Quoy.-- T. maculosa, Gould.
Red-chested Quoy.-- T. pyrrhothorax, Gould.
Stubble Quoy.-- Coturnix pectoralis, Gould.
In New Zealand there is a single species, Coturnix novae-zelandiae, Quoy and Gaimard.
1846. J. L. Stokes, 'Discoveries in Australia,' vol. ii. c. vii. p. 259:
'It is known to the colonists as the painted quail; and has been called by Mr. Gould . . . Haemipodius melinatus.'
1859. H. Kingsley, 'Geoffrey Hamlyn,' p. 298:
'The painted quail, and the brush quail, the largest of Australian gamebirds, I believe, whirred away from beneath their horses' feet.'
1862. H. C. Kendall, 'Poems,' p. 67:
'The swamp fowl and timorous quail . . . Will start from their nests.'
1889. Prof. Parker, 'Catalogue of New Zealand Exhibition,' p. 117:
'This group also is represented by a single species, the New Zealand quail (Coturnix Novae-Zelandiae), belonging to a widely distributed genus. It was formerly very abundant in New Zealand; but within the last fifteen or twenty years has been completely exterminated, and is now only known to exist on the Three Kings Island, north of Cape Maria Van Diemen.'
Quail-Hawk, n. name given to the bird Falco, or Harpa novae-zelandiae. See Hawk.
1882. T. H. Potts, 'Out in the Open,' p. 37:
'In New Zealand the courageous family of the Raptores is very feebly represented; the honourable post of head of the family in all fairness must be assigned to the falcon, which is commonly known by the name of the quail- or sparrow-hawk, not that it is identical with, or that it even bears much resemblance to, the bold robber of the woods of Great Britain--'the hardy sperhauke eke the quales foe,' as Chaucer has it.'
Quandong, n. (various spellings) aboriginal name for--(1) a tree, Santalum acuminatum, De Candolle., S. persicarium, Ferdinand von Mueller, N.O. Santalaceae. In the Southern Colonies it is often called the Southern Quandong, and the tree is called the Native Peach-Tree (q.v.). The name is given to another large scrub-tree, Elaeocarpus grandis, Ferdinand von Mueller, N.O. Tiliaceae. The fruit, which is of a blue colour and is eaten by children, is also called the Native Peach.
1839. T. L. Mitchell, 'Three Expeditions,' p. 135:
'In all these scrubs on the Murray the Fusanus acuminatus is common, and produces the quandang nut (or kernel).'
1857. W. Howitt, 'Tallangetta,' vol. i. p. 41:
'Abundance of fig, and medlar and quince trees, cherries, loquots, quondongs, gooseberry, strawberry, and raspberry trees.'
1867. G. G. McCrae, 'Balladeadro,' p. 10:
'Speed thee, Ganook, with these swift spears-- This firebrand weeping fiery tears, And take this quandang's double plum, 'Twill speak alliance tho' 'tis dumb.'
1887. R. M. Praed, 'Longleat of Kooralbyn,' c. xx. p. 199:
'They came upon a quantong-tree, and pausing beneath it, began to pick up the fallen fruit. . . . There were so many berries, each containing a shapely nut, that Honoria might string a dozen necklaces.'
1890. Lyth, 'Golden South,' c. ix. p. 79:
'I have forgotten to mention the quandong, a shrub bearing a fruit the size and colour of cherries.'
(2) The fruit of this tree, and also its kernel.
1885. J. Hood, 'Land of the Fern,' p. 53:
'She had gone to string on a necklet of seeds from the quongdong tree.'
1887. R. M. Praed, 'Longleat of Kooralbyn,' c. xix. p. 196:
'Miss Longleat was wild after quandongs.'
[Footnote]: 'A berry growing in the scrub, the kernels of which are strung into necklaces.'
1888. D. Macdonald, 'Gum Boughs,' p. 9:
'Another fruit of fraudulent type growing on the plains is the quandong. Something in shape and colour like a small crab-apple, it is fair enough to the eye, but in taste thoroughly insipid.'
Quart-pot Tea, n. Explained in quotations. Cf. Billy-tea.
1878. Mrs. H. Jones, 'Long Years in Australia,' p. 87:
'Ralph, taking a long draught of the quart-pot tea, pronounced that nothing was ever like it made in teapots, and Ethel thought it excellent, excepting that the tea-leaves were troublesome.'
188. H. Finch-Hatton, 'Advance Australia, p. 111:
''Quart-pot' tea, as tea made in the bush is always called, is really the proper way to make it. . . . The tea is really made with boiling water, which brings out its full flavour, and it is drunk before it has time to draw too much.'
Quart-pot, n. a tin vessel originally imported as a measure, and containing an exact imperial quart. It had no lid, but a side handle. Before 1850 the word Quart-pot, for a kettle, was as universal in the bush as 'Billy' (q.v.) is now. The billy, having a lid and a wire handle by which to suspend it over the fire, superseded the quart-pot about 1851. In addition to the Billy, there is a Quart-pot still in use, especially in South Australia and the back-blocks. It has two sidehandles working in sockets, so as to fold down flat when travelling. The lid is an inverted pannikin fitted into it, and is used as a drinking-cup.
1881. A. C. Grant, 'Bush Life in Queensland,' vol. i. p. 43:
''Look out there!' he continued; 'quart-pot corroborree,' springing up and removing with one hand from the fire one of the quart-pots, which was boiling madly.'
Quartz, n. a mineral; the common form of native silica. It is abundantly diffused throughout the world, and forms the common sand of the sea-shore. It occurs as veins or lodes in metamorphic rocks, and it is this form of its presence in Australia, associated with gold, that has made the word of such daily occurrence. In fact, the word Quartz, in Australian mining parlance, is usually associated with the idea of Gold-bearing Stone, unless the contrary be stated. Although some of the following compound words may be used elsewhere, they are chiefly confined to Australia.
1871. C. L. Money, 'Knocking About in New Zealand,' p. 21:
'Quartz is the mother of gold, and wherever there is an abundance of it, gold may reasonably be expected to exist somewhere in the neighbourhood.'
1890. 'The Argus,' June 16, p. 6. col. 1:
'Two runaway apprentices from a ship are said to have first crushed quartz.'
1890. R. A. F. Murray, 'Reports and Statistics of the Mining Department [of Victoria] for the Quarter ending 31st December':
'The quartz here is very white and crystalline, with ferruginous, clayey joints, and--from a miner's point of view--of most unpromising or 'hungry' appearance.'
Quartz-battery, n. a machine for crushing quartz, and so extracting gold.
1890. 'The Argus,' July 26, p. 4, col. 4:
'There was a row [noise] like a quartz-battery.'
Quartz-blade, n. blade of a miner's knife used for picking lumps of gold out of the stone.
1891. 'The Argus,' Decaisne. 19, p. 4, col. 2:
'They had slashed open his loins with a quartz-blade knife.'
Quartz-crushing, adj. See Quartz.
1890. Rolf Boldrewood, 'Miner's Right,' c. xxxix. p. 341:
'The dull reverberating clash of the quartz-crushing batteries.'
Quartz-field, n. a non-alluvial goldfield.
1890. 'The Argus,' June 16, p. 6, col. 1:
'Our principal quartz-field.'
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